Interface
Procedure:
Your task here is to form an appropriate algorithm for understanding the experiment's workflow.
Note: If you want to run the simulator for a pre-built structure, navigate to “PreBuilt”, and click it. After doing so, follow steps a - e:
- Step a: Navigate to the “Help” button and click on it.
- Step b: Navigate to “Theory” in the modal displayed, and read the text for conceptual understanding.
- Step c: Navigate back to the interface.
- Step d: Verify the values in each element/block by clicking the element/block individually.
- Step e: Now, run the simulation and verify the results.
If you prefer forming the algorithm yourself, follow steps 1-10:
- Step 1: Navigate to the “Help” button and click on it.
- Step 2: Navigate to “Theory” in the modal displayed, and read the text for conceptual understanding.
- Step 3: Navigate back to the interface.
- Step 4: Use the code palette provided on the left to navigate to the drag-drop elements/blocks.
- Step 5: Upon selecting the element/block, drag it to the specified area.
- Step 6: Name the elements/blocks appropriately.
- Step 7: Fill in values for the elements/blocks chosen.
- Step 8: Click on the “Run” button.
- Step 9: Verify the result against manual calculations.
- Step 10: View your score.
Blocks
Variables
Boolean
A boolean variable is defined. It can have the values set to be true or false
Constant
A constant variable is defined. Any real number can be assigned to the variable defined.
Matrix
A matrix with assigned variable of given number of rows and columns is created. Values can be assigned in the box which will be opened after clicking the OK button.
Identity Matrix
A matrix with assigned variable of given number of rows is created.Values can be assigned in the box which will be opened after clicking the OK button.
Unity Matrix
A unity matrix with assigned variable of given number of rows and columns is created. Values can be assigned in the box which will be opened after clicking the OK button.
Zero Matrix
A Zero matrix with assigned variable of given number of rows and columns is created. Values can be assigned in the box which will be opened after clicking the OK button.
Vector
A vector with assigned variable of given number of elements is created. Values can be assigned in the box which will be opened after clicking the OK button.
Conditionals and Loops
If
An if block is defined with the user defined condition. If the condition is true,then the if block will run.
Else if
An else if block is defined with the user defined condition. If the else if condition is true,then the if block will run. If block is mandatory before an else if block.
Else
An else if block is define.If the if condition is false,then the else block will run. If block is mandatory before an else block.
For
A for loop block is created with specified initiliazed value,condition and increment/decrement value. Default value for initialization is 0 and increment/decrement is 1.
While
A while block is defined with the user defined condition. The while block will run as long as the condition is satisfied.
Break
Break Statement breaks out of a conditional or a loop
Continue
A continue statement ends the current iteration of a loop
Math
Evaluate
Evaluate block evaluates the specified variable with the specified math operations and expressions.
Matrix Evaluate
This block is used to evaluate to matrix elements with the specified operations.
Transpose
In transpose block, the output variable name is assigned with the transpose values of the given matrix block.
Absolute
In Absolute block, the output variable name is assigned with the absolute values of the given variables/operations.
Matrix Operations
Row combine
In row combine block, if two matrices with same column dimension and different/same row dimension are given, the output block gets the combined row values. For example, if matrix A has dimensions 2*2 and matrix B has dimension 3*2, the resultant matrix has dimensions 5*2
Column combine
In column combine block, if two matrices with same row dimension and different/same column dimension are given, the output block gets the combined row values. For example, if matrix A has dimensions 2*2 and matrix B has dimension 2*3, the resultant matrix has dimensions 2*5
Element wise multiply
In this block, the output matrix gets the value of m1 matrix multiplied with m2 matrix element wise.
Element wise divide
In this block, the output matrix gets the value of m1 matrix divided with m2 matrix element wise.
Input/Output
Print Block
Using print block, the output is printed in the output block space. Value is entered for whose the output is to be shown and a message can be entered to get displayed.
Debug output block
This block can be used for debugging.
PreBuiit
PreBuiit
Used to get the prebuilt logic of the given experiment.
Buttons
Up Button
Used to move a block upwards.
Down Button
Used to move a block downwards.
Edit Button
Used to edit a block.
Delete Button
Used to delete a block.
Delete all
Used to delete all blocks.
Drag Button
Used to drag a block
Step in Button
Used when a block is to be indented inside another block.
Step out Button
Used when an indented block is to come out of the indentation.
Run Button
Used to run the logic.
Simulation
You are in the interface page. To proceed to the simulation page, Click Here
Procedure:
Your task is to input values and run the simulator to obtain results. This can be done by following the steps mentioned below:
- Step 1: Navigate to the “Help” button and click on it.
- Step 2: Navigate to “Theory” in the modal displayed, and read the text for conceptual understanding.
- Step 3: Navigate back to the interface.
- Step 4: Input values in the various input labels provided.
- Step 5: Click on the “Run” button.
- Step 6: Navigate to “Results”.
- Step 7: Verify the results provided by the simulator against manual calculations.
- Step 8: View your score.
Theory
The objective of the SE problem is to estimate the system state that maximises the probability of the true value being equal to the measured quantity, i.e. the which maximises the probability density function. An estimate thus obtained is called the maximum likelihood estimate
- Read bus data, line data and measurement vector.
- Assume suitable values for weightages and tolerances.
- Initialize the state vector [X¬0].
- Calculate the measurement function h(x) and Jacobian [H].
- Form the gain matrix [HT R H].
- Obtain the state correction vector.
- Update the state vector.
- Check for convergence. If converged go to next step otherwise, go to the 4th point
- Print the system state and stop.
Input Variables
| Field | Explanation | General Range |
|---|---|---|
| Total number of bus | Number of the buses or junctions in a power system | 1 to 100 (But not restricted) |
| BUS DATA | ||
| Serial number | Serial number of the bus | 1 to 100 (But not restricted) |
| From bus | Starting/Sending bus number | 1 to 100 (But not restricted) |
| To bus | Ending/receiving bus number | 1 to 100 (But not restricted) |
| R+Xi | Resistance, Reactance value of the transmission line | 0.0 to 2 p.u for resistance 0.001 to 2 p.u for reactance (But not restricted) |
| Line Charging Admittance | Susceptance offered by the line/ half line charging of the transmission line | 0.0 to 0.05 (But not restricted) |
| Tap ratio | If it is a transformer, enter the tap ratio value. If it is a transmission line, use tap ratio 1. | 0.9 to 1.01 (But not restricted) |
| Measurement Data | ||
| Active power flow data in a line | ||
| Sending end Bus | Starting/Sending bus number at which the measurement taken | 1 to 100 (But not restricted) |
| Receiving end Bus | Ending/receiving bus number at which the measurement taken | 1 to 100 (But not restricted) |
| P value (p.u) | Real power flow through the line | 0 to 1.05 p.u (But not restricted) |
| R value | Accuracy of the meter value | 0 to 0.05p.u (But not restricted) |
| Active power injections at a bus | ||
| Bus Number: | Serial number of the bus at which the measurement taken | 1 to 100 (But not restricted) |
| P value (p.u) | Real power injection at the line | 0 to 1.05 p.u (But not restricted) |
| R value | Accuracy of the meter value | 0 to 0.05p.u (But not restricted) |
| Reactive power injections at a bus | ||
| Bus Number: | Serial number of the bus at which the measurement taken | 1 to 100 (But not restricted) |
| Q value (p.u) | Reactive power injection at the bus | 0 to 1.05 p.u (But not restricted) |
| R value | Accuracy of the meter value | 0 to 0.05p.u (But not restricted) |
| Voltage at bus | ||
| Bus Number: | Serial number of the bus at which the measurement taken | 1 to 100 (But not restricted) |
| Voltage Magnitude | Measured voltage Magnitude at the bus by Potential transformer | 0.1 to 1.05 p.u (But not restricted) |
| R value | Accuracy of the meter value | 0 to 0.05p.u (But not restricted) |
| Shunt data | ||
| Shunt Number: | Serial number of the bus | 1 to 100 (But not restricted) |
| Connected Bus | bus number at which the measurement taken | 1 to 100 (But not restricted) |
| Admittance value | Measured shunt admittance value at the bus | 0 to 0.0005p.u (But not restricted) |
| Covariance Matrix (R) – size of the Covariance matrix is depends on measurement data | ||
| Diagonal value 1 of the Covariance Matrix (R) | First Measurement data covariance value enter at first diagonal | 0 to 0.05p.u (But not restricted) |
| Diagonal value 2 of the Covariance Matrix (R) | second Measurement data covariance value enter at second diagonal | 0 to 0.05p.u (But not restricted) |
| Diagonal value 3 of the Covariance Matrix (R) | third Measurement data covariance value enter at third diagonal | 0 to 0.05p.u (But not restricted) |
