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The basic formula used to calculate the per unit quantities of the respective components are
Za = Actual impedance
Zp.u = Perunit impedance
KVb = Kilo Base voltage
MVAb = Mega base volt ampere
For Load
VL = Line voltage at load terminal
PL = Three phase load real power
QL = Three phase load reactive power
Za = Actual impedance
Zp.u = Perunit impedance
KVb = Kilo Base voltage
MVAb = Mega base volt ampere
For Load
VL = Line voltage at load terminal
PL = Three phase load real power
QL = Three phase load reactive power
| Field | Explanation | General Range |
|---|---|---|
| Base MVA | Base Mega Volt Ampere | 10 MVA to 1000 MVA (but not restricted) |
| Base kV | It is defined as the total opposition of the circuit to the electric current | 11 kV to 800 kV (but not restricted) |
| Impedance | It is defined as the total opposition of the circuit to the electric current | Based on rating of the equipment (kV, MVA) |
| Primary Impedance | The impedance offered by the primary side of the transformer coil | Based on rating of the equipment (kV, MVA) |
| Secondary Impedance | The impedance offered by the secondary side of the transformer coil | Based on rating of the equipment (kV, MVA) |
| Primary Base kV | It is the Base voltage in KV with respect to primary side of the transformer | |
| Base kV Primary | It is the Base voltage in kV with respect to primary side of the transformer | |
| Base kV Secondary | It is the Base voltage in kV with respect to secondary side of the transformer | 220 V to 800 kV (but not restricted) |
| Calculated Primary Impedance | It is calculated by the user based on the given values | 0.0001 p.u. to 2 p.u. (but not restricted) |
| Calculated Secondary Impedance | It is calculated by the user based on the given values | 0.0001 p.u. to 2 p.u. (but not restricted) |
| Impedance Per km | It is the measurement of the transmission line impedance per kilometer | Based on rating of the equipment (kV, MVA) |
| Length of line | It is the measurement of length of the transmission line | 0.1 km to 600 km (but not restricted) |
| VL Where L is for Load | It is the line voltage at load terminal | 11 kV to 800 kV (but not restricted) |
| PL | It is the three phase real power consumed by the load | 0.5 W to 1000 MW (but not restricted) |
| Cos Ø | It is power factor(lag). It is the ratio of real power consumed to apparent power consumed by the circuit | 0 to 1 |
| VL Where L signifies an inductor | It is the line voltage across the inductor | 11 kV to 800 kV (but not restricted) |
| QL | It is the three phase reactive power absorbed by the inductor | 0.5 VAR to 1000 MVAR (but not restricted) |
| VC | It is the line voltage across the capacitor | 11 kV to 800 kV (but not restricted) |
| QC | It is the three phase reactive power produced by the capacitor | 0.5 VAR to 1000 MVAR (but not restricted) |
| Calculated Impedance | It is calculated by the user based on the given values | Based on rating of the equipment with the correct formula is being used |